Oral Contraceptives Still Have a Major Impact on Thrombosis Occurrence
Research Abstract
Objective: To assess the thrombotic risk associated with oral contraceptive use with a focus on dose of oestrogen and type of progestogen of oral contraceptives available in the Netherlands.
Design: Population based case-control study.
Setting: Six participating anticoagulation clinics in the Netherlands (Amersfoort, Amsterdam, The Hague, Leiden, Rotterdam, and Utrecht).
Participants: Premenopausal women <50 years old who were not pregnant, not within four weeks postpartum, and not using a hormone excreting intrauterine device or depot contraceptive. Analysis included 1524 patients and 1760 controls.
Main outcome measures: First objectively diagnosed episodes of deep venous thrombosis of the leg or pulmonary embolism. Odds ratios calculated by cross-tabulation with a 95% confidence interval according to Woolf’s method; adjusted odds ratios estimated by unconditional logistic regression, standard errors derived from the model.
Results: Currently available oral contraceptives increased the risk of venous thrombosis fivefold compared with non-use (odds ratio 5.0, 95% CI 4.2 to 5.8). The risk clearly differed by type of progestogen and dose of oestrogen. The use of oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel was associated with an almost fourfold increased risk of venous thrombosis (odds ratio 3.6, 2.9 to 4.6) relative to non-users, whereas the risk of venous thrombosis compared with non-use was increased 5.6-fold for gestodene (5.6, 3.7 to 8.4), 7.3-fold for desogestrel (7.3, 5.3 to 10.0), 6.8-fold for cyproterone acetate (6.8, 4.7 to 10.0), and 6.3-fold for drospirenone (6.3, 2.9 to 13.7). The risk of venous thrombosis was positively associated with oestrogen dose. We confirmed a high risk of venous thrombosis during the first months of oral contraceptive use irrespective of the type of oral contraceptives.
Conclusions: Currently available oral contraceptives still have a major impact on thrombosis occurrence and many women do not use the safest brands with regard to risk of venous thrombosis.
Principal findings of the study: Study found that currently available oral contraceptives were associated with a fivefold increased risk of venous thrombosis. This result confirms the results of previous studies reporting a twofold to sixfold increased risk of deep venous thrombosis associated with oral contraceptive use.
Odds of users having a blood clot compared to those who do not use birth control pills
- Levonorgestrel – 3.6
- Norethisterone – 3.9
- Gestodene – 5.6
- Lynestrenol – 5.6
- Norgestimate – 5.9
- Drospirenone – 6.3
- Cyproterone acetate – 6.8
- Desogestrel – 7.3
Risk of venous thrombosis associated with different types of progestogens in combined oral preparations (Report)
The venous thrombotic risk of oral contraceptives, effects of oestrogen dose and progestogen type: results of the MEGA case-control study (BMJ article)
Published 13 August 2009, doi:10.1136/bmj.b2921 BMJ 2009;339:b2921
Leave a comment.
Progesterone & Pregnancy
A Guide to Using Bioidentical Progesterone to Facilitate Fertility and Support Pregnancy
Of all female hormones, progesterone is the one most essential for conception and to the survival of the fertilized egg and the fetus throughout gestation.
This self-help user guide is based on tried and tested suggestions reported by women who’ve successfully incorporated supplemental bioidentical progesterone to enhance their fertility and protect mother & child against complications during pregnancy. [More details]
This is an Electronic item to be downloaded, not an actual
physical product. There are not shipping or handling charges.
Cost: $9.95
Progesterone & Polycystic Ovaries
A 60 Day User Guide
PCOS affects an estimated 5-10% of women of reproductive age. It is one of the leading causes of female infertility.
Women with PCOS are at a higher risk for a number of illnesses, including high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer of the uterus (endometrial cancer).
This self-help user guide explains some of the signs & tests for polycystic ovaries, how to use progesterone to prevent future complications, and then steps you through cream dosage & usage techniques. [More details]
This is an Electronic item to be downloaded, not an actual
physical product. There are not shipping or handling charges.
Cost: $9.95
Progesterone & Migraine Headaches
A 60 Day User Guide
Over half of women with migraine report having them right before, during, or after their period. Others get them for the first time when taking birth control pills. And some women start getting them when they enter menopause.
This self-help user guide explains what causes migraine headaches, how to use progesterone to find long term relief, and then steps you through cream dosage & usage techniques. [More details]
This is an Electronic item to be downloaded, not an actual physical product. There are not shipping or handling charges.
Cost: $9.95
10 Things EVERY Woman Should Know About Natural Progesterone
This publication is a MUST HAVE consumer guide to purchasing and using bioidentical progesterone.
Chapters include: Delivery method – cream, oil or pill?, When & how to apply cream, How much cream to use, Discovering your optimal level, What to do if you don’t get results, Being active in your choices, and much more.
This self-help user guide really should be titled, ‘Progesterone Therapy from A-Z'. [More details]
This is an Electronic item to be downloaded, not an actual
physical product. There are not shipping or handling charges.
Cost: $9.95
A Woman's Guide to Using Natural Progesterone
If you are fed up feeling miserable and unwell, suspect hormone imbalance, and want to know more about how natural progesterone cream might help, doesn't it make sense to trust THE WOMEN who've actually used natural progesterone for over a decade ... and reported remarkable results?
This 210 paged self-help user guide walks you through what progesterone is, why our bodies needs it, how to determine if you are deficient in this hormone, and provides proven common-sense health solutions. [More details]
This is an Electronic item to be downloaded, not an actual physical product. There are not shipping or handling charges.
Cost: $24.95
A Secure Shopping Experience
Full money-back guarantee. If you are not completely satisfied with the benefits you receive after accessing our ebook, let us know within 60 days and you will receive a full refund. No questions asked.
-
PayPal 
protects your financial information with industry-leading security and fraud prevention systems. When you use PayPal, your financial information is not shared with us (the merchant). Once your payment is complete, you will be emailed a receipt for this transaction. The information practices of PayPal, Inc. have been reviewed and meet the standards of the Better Business Bureau’s BBBOnline Privacy Programme.
We are committed to safeguarding your privacy and confidentiality online.
“Thank you so much for helping me. I have started to read your self-help ebook and I love what I have read so far. This info is really going to help me on using and understanding NPC. I can't thank you enough for thinking about us women when we need the help at these most crucial times. Thanks you again, and thank you for your time.”
-- Lisa, USA
“Look over the guidelines in Catherine’s excellent new ebook. It really should be titled, ‘Progesterone Therapy from A-Z’. A superb resource!”
– Dr Robert W Patterson, Sanford, NC
